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pytest

Test Python code with pytest. Use when a user asks to write unit tests, set up test fixtures, mock dependencies, run async tests, measure coverage, or implement test-driven development in Python.

#pytest#testing#python#tdd#fixtures
terminal-skillsv1.0.0
Works with:claude-codeopenai-codexgemini-clicursor
Source

Usage

$
✓ Installed pytest v1.0.0

Getting Started

  1. Install the skill using the command above
  2. Open your AI coding agent (Claude Code, Codex, Gemini CLI, or Cursor)
  3. Reference the skill in your prompt
  4. The AI will use the skill's capabilities automatically

Example Prompts

  • "Review the open pull requests and summarize what needs attention"
  • "Generate a changelog from the last 20 commits on the main branch"

Documentation

Overview

pytest is the standard Python testing framework. It uses plain assert statements (no self.assertEqual), fixtures for setup/teardown, parametrize for data-driven tests, and plugins for async, coverage, and mocking.

Instructions

Step 1: Basic Tests

python
# tests/test_users.py — Simple test functions
from app.services.users import create_user, validate_email

def test_create_user_returns_user_object():
    user = create_user(name="Alice", email="alice@example.com")
    assert user.name == "Alice"
    assert user.email == "alice@example.com"
    assert user.id is not None

def test_validate_email_rejects_invalid():
    assert validate_email("not-an-email") is False
    assert validate_email("") is False
    assert validate_email("user@") is False

def test_validate_email_accepts_valid():
    assert validate_email("user@example.com") is True
    assert validate_email("user+tag@example.co.uk") is True

class TestUserService:
    """Group related tests in a class."""

    def test_duplicate_email_raises(self):
        create_user(name="Alice", email="alice@example.com")
        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Email already exists"):
            create_user(name="Bob", email="alice@example.com")

Step 2: Fixtures

python
# conftest.py — Shared fixtures
import pytest
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine, async_sessionmaker
from app.models import Base

@pytest.fixture
async def db():
    """Fresh database for each test."""
    engine = create_async_engine("sqlite+aiosqlite:///:memory:")
    async with engine.begin() as conn:
        await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)

    session_maker = async_sessionmaker(engine, expire_on_commit=False)
    async with session_maker() as session:
        yield session

    async with engine.begin() as conn:
        await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.drop_all)

@pytest.fixture
def sample_user(db):
    """Pre-created user for tests that need one."""
    user = User(name="Test User", email="test@example.com", role="member")
    db.add(user)
    db.commit()
    return user

@pytest.fixture
def api_client(db):
    """FastAPI test client with database override."""
    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
    from app.main import app
    from app.dependencies import get_db

    app.dependency_overrides[get_db] = lambda: db
    yield TestClient(app)
    app.dependency_overrides.clear()

Step 3: Parametrize

python
# tests/test_pricing.py — Data-driven tests
import pytest

@pytest.mark.parametrize("plan,users,expected_price", [
    ("free", 1, 0),
    ("free", 5, 0),
    ("starter", 1, 29),
    ("starter", 10, 29),
    ("pro", 1, 79),
    ("pro", 50, 79),
    ("enterprise", 100, 199),
])
def test_calculate_price(plan, users, expected_price):
    assert calculate_price(plan, users) == expected_price

@pytest.mark.parametrize("input_text,expected_slug", [
    ("Hello World", "hello-world"),
    ("  Spaces  Everywhere  ", "spaces-everywhere"),
    ("Special!@#$Characters", "specialcharacters"),
    ("Already-a-slug", "already-a-slug"),
    ("UPPERCASE", "uppercase"),
])
def test_slugify(input_text, expected_slug):
    assert slugify(input_text) == expected_slug

Step 4: Mocking

python
# tests/test_notifications.py — Mock external services
from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, patch

@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_send_welcome_email(db, sample_user):
    with patch("app.services.email.send_email", new_callable=AsyncMock) as mock_send:
        mock_send.return_value = {"id": "msg_123"}

        result = await send_welcome_email(sample_user.id)

        mock_send.assert_called_once_with(
            to=sample_user.email,
            subject="Welcome!",
            template="welcome",
        )
        assert result["id"] == "msg_123"

@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_payment_webhook_handles_failure(api_client):
    with patch("app.services.stripe.verify_signature", return_value=True):
        response = api_client.post("/webhooks/stripe", json={
            "type": "payment_intent.failed",
            "data": {"object": {"id": "pi_123"}},
        })
        assert response.status_code == 200

Step 5: Run

bash
pytest                           # run all tests
pytest -x                        # stop on first failure
pytest -k "test_create"          # run tests matching pattern
pytest --cov=app --cov-report=html  # coverage report
pytest -n auto                   # parallel execution (pytest-xdist)

Guidelines

  • Use plain assert — pytest rewrites assertions to show detailed failure info.
  • Fixtures with yield handle cleanup automatically — no try/finally needed.
  • conftest.py fixtures are available to all tests in the directory and below.
  • Use @pytest.mark.asyncio for async tests (requires pytest-asyncio plugin).
  • Aim for fast tests: in-memory SQLite for unit tests, real database for integration tests.

Information

Version
1.0.0
Author
terminal-skills
Category
Development
License
Apache-2.0